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Η Apple απέτυχε να σταματήσει την RED να βάλει θηλιά στην αγορά για το βίντεο RAW


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Οι διαξιφισμοί μεταξύ των δύο εταιρειών άρχισαν όταν η Apple αποφασισμένη ξεκίνησε έναν αγώνα για να ακυρωθεί το δίπλωμα ευρεσιτεχνίας που κατέχει η RED για το RedCode RAW, ώστε να αποφύγει να πληρώσει δικαιώματα χρήσης για τον δικό της codec ProRes RAW.

Ένα δικαστήριο που εκδικάζει τέτοιου είδους υποθέσεις, έκρινε ότι η Apple «δεν έδειξε κάποια λογική πιθανότητα ότι θα μπορούσε να επικρατήσει» με ισχυρισμούς του τύπου «ότι το δίπλωμα ευρεσιτεχνίας της RED από το 2007 ήταν κάτι το προφανές και δεν θα έπρεπε να είχε εγκριθεί εξαρχής».

Ο Πρόεδρος της RED, Jarred Land δήλωσε ότι «είμαστε ευχαριστημένοι που τα διπλώματα ευρεσιτεχνίας RedCode άντεξαν άλλη μία πρόκληση» και πρόσθεσε ότι η RED εξακολουθεί να συνεργάζεται με την Apple για να φέρει το RedCode RAW στο framework της τελευταίας Metal.

«Να ξεκαθαρίσω, όπως έχω αναφέρει και στο παρελθόν, ότι ποτέ πραγματικά αυτή η υπόθεση δεν ήταν η Apple εναντίον της Red. Πάντα ήταν Apple μαζί με τη Red, και αποτέλεσε μέρος της προσπάθειας μας να καθορίσουμε τον τρόπο που θα συνεργαστούμε στο μέλλον. Η ενσωμάτωση της -τεχνολογίας- RED με το framework της Apple, Metal, για αναπαραγωγή R3D σε πραγματικό χρόνο βρίσκεται σε καλό δρόμο και η δουλειά που κάνουν και οι δύο ομάδες μαζί έχει ξεπεράσει τις προσδοκίες. Είμαστε πολύ ενθουσιασμένοι για το νέο Mac Pro και τη νέα οθόνη XDR Pro και την ισχύ που φέρνουν σε ολόκληρη τη ροή εργασίας της RED» δήλωσε ο Jarred Land.    

H RED στο παρελθόν κατάφερε να αποκρούσει μία παρόμοια προσπάθεια από την Sony το 2013, οπότε μετά την τελευταία εξέλιξη, το δίπλωμα ευρεσιτεχνίας της ενισχύεται περαιτέρω. Το δικαστήριο ωστόσο φαίνεται να έχει αφήσει ανοικτή την πόρτα για κάποια μελλοντική αξίωση από άλλη εταιρεία, καθώς όπως είπε, η πρόκληση της Apple ήταν «ασαφής και ελλιπής».

Ο RedCode RAW είναι ένας video codec που επιτρέπει στον χρήστη να συλλαμβάνει video RAW με περίπου τον ίδιο τρόπο που τραβάει φωτογραφίες RAW. Η RED κατάφερε με επιτυχία να αντιμετωπίσει παρόμοιο κοστούμι από τη Sony το 2013, οπότε η τελευταία νίκη θα μπορούσε να ενισχύσει περαιτέρω το δίπλωμα ευρεσιτεχνίας. Ωστόσο, το δικαστήριο ενδέχεται να έχει αφήσει την πόρτα ανοιχτή σε άλλη αξίωση, λέγοντας ότι η πρόκληση της Apple ήταν "ασαφής και ελλιπής".

Το RedCode RAW είναι ένας κωδικοποιητής βίντεο που σας επιτρέπει να τραβήξετε βίντεο RAW με τον ίδιο τρόπο που μπορείτε να τραβήξετε φωτογραφίες RAW. Η Apple ισχυρίστηκε ότι το δίπλωμα ευρεσιτεχνίας της RED βασίστηκε σε δύο προηγούμενα διπλώματα ευρεσιτεχνίας: Το ένα αφορούσε στη σύλληψη βίντεο χωρίς απώλειες (lossless) RAW σε ανάλυση HD, 2Κ και 4Κ ενώ το δεύτερο αποτελούσε μια τεχνική επεξεργασίας που επέτρεπε τη συμπίεση RAW δεδομένων αισθητήρα. Η Apple υποστήριξε ότι από τη στιγμή που το δίπλωμα ευρεσιτεχνίας της RED αποτελεί έναν συνδυασμό των δύο παλαιότερων διπλωμάτων ευρεσιτεχνίας τότε η τεχνολογία της δεν θα έπρεπε να κατοχυρωθεί με δίπλωμα ευρεσιτεχνίας.

Η RED απάντησε λέγοντας ότι το έργο της ήταν ξεχωριστό από τα διπλώματα ευρεσιτεχνίας και ότι εργάστηκε για την συγκεκριμένη τεχνολογία πριν από το χρονικό πλαίσιο που φωτογραφίζει η Apple.

Την ώρα που η φωτογραφία RAW είναι δημοφιλής και κοινή στα smartphones, το βίντεο RAW χρησιμοποιείται κυρίως από επαγγελματίες κινηματογραφιστές και επαγγελματικές βιντεοκάμερες. Αυτό οφείλεται σε τεχνικούς περιορισμούς που σχετίζονται με το RAW και όχι εξαιτίας του διπλώματος ευρεσιτεχνίας. Για παράδειγμα, ένα βίντεο ενός λεπτού σε 4K RedCode με συμπίεση 5: 1 καταλαμβάνει 5,26GB, ενώ ένα βίντεο ενός λεπτού σε MP4 στα 150Mbps καταλαμβάνει 1.13GB. Τέτοιο throughput παράγει σημαντική θερμότητα, και επομένως η επιλογή λήψης βίντεο RAW δεν είναι πρακτική σε smartphones ή μικρές κάμερες.

Ως εκ τούτου, η απόφαση του δικαστηρίου δεν πρόκειται να έχει σημαντικό αντίκτυπο στις συσκευές που απευθύνονται σε απλούς χρήστες ωστόσο θα μπορούσε να επηρεάσει την ανάπτυξη του codec ProRes RAW της Apple. Όσοι κατασκευαστές λοιπόν χρησιμοποιούν τον codec ProRes RAW στις συσκευές τους όπως η Atomos θα πρέπει να αποκτήσουν άδεια χρήσης από την RED. Η Blackmagic Design πάντως, που έχει αναπτύξει το δικό της φορμά RAW δεν παραβιάζει τα διπλώματα ευρεσιτεχνίας της RED.

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